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When one nation dissolves its political ties with another, respect for world opinion requires declaring the causes for that separation. Human affairs occasionally demand that a people assume the separate and equal station among powers of the earth to which natural law entitles them. An open accounting ensures that independence rests on reasoned principles rather than arbitrary rebellion.
Equality and fundamental rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness belong inherently to all individuals. Governments derive their legitimate authority solely from the consent of the governed to secure these rights. Whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, citizens hold the right and duty to alter or abolish it and institute new safeguards.
King George III established an absolute tyranny over the American colonies through systematic abuses of power. The monarch dissolved colonial legislatures, quartered armed troops among civilians, imposed taxes without legislative consent, and obstructed the administration of justice. Repeated petitions for redress received only repeated injury, proving the monarch unfit to rule a free people.
Representatives of the United States of America solemnly declare the colonies to be free and independent states. All political connection between the colonies and Great Britain is totally dissolved, granting the new nation full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances, and establish commerce. Mutual trust and sacred honor bind the signers to uphold this pledge with their lives and fortunes.
A political and philosophical justification for dissolving allegiance to a tyrannical monarchy and establishing a sovereign nation.